Smoke alarms will become mandatory in all homes (new and old) in NSW from May 1, 2006.
The proposed legislation will bring NSW in line with Victoria and SA (QLD will follow suit by 1 July 2007), where all homes, not just newly built ones or major renovations, have to be fitted with smoke alarms.
So for those homeowners who now need to go out and purchase smoke alarm systems, here is a look at what products are available on the market, their benefits and importantly, how to maintain them.
There are two basic types of smoke alarm which are effective. They have varying capabilities and can either be battery operated or hard wired in to your home's main power source.
Ionisation Smoke Alarms detect invisible particles of fire (or combustion) that may occur from cooking. These alarms respond quickly to fast flaming fires that produce very little visible smoke and are recommended for installation in hallways, living rooms and bedrooms.
Alternatively, Photoelectric Smoke Alarms detect visible particles of combustion that occur from things such as overheated electrical wiring, and respond quickly to smouldering fires and dense smoke. They are recommended for use in any room, except bathrooms.
Some tips to keep your smoke alarms in prime working condition are -
- Smoke alarms have a shelf life of around ten years; after this time it is recommended that you replace the alarm.
- Batteries should be changed each year to ensure that the smoke alarm is working. A good way of making this a habit is to change the smoke alarm batteries when clocks are changed at the end of summer daylight saving.
- Always replace the batteries in the smoke alarm as soon as the alarm warns that the batteries are low. Do not take the batteries out and leave a smoke alarm not operating. This decision could be deadly.
- Homeowners should test their smoke alarm once a month by operating the test button. The grill should be cleaned every month or so (using a vacuum or soft brush) to make sure it is dust free.
- Smoke alarms should be fitted outside each sleeping area. Additional alarms should be installed in each bedroom where the occupants smoke in the bedroom, have heaters or electrical appliances in the bedroom, or if they sleep with the door shut, preventing them from hearing the alarm outside their door.
- Smoke alarms should be positioned as per the manufacturer's instructions, at least one metre away from air conditioners and fluorescent light fixtures. Care should be taken to avoid "dead air" spaces such as `A' frame ceilings or at the corners of a room.
An evacuation procedure, particularly for families with small children, is also highly recommended. Families should draw an escape plan, clearly identifying at least two alternative ways out of their house. They should practice this procedure, agree on an assembly area and ensure the whole family knows how to call the fire service.
